Primary root canal treatment has been described as a very successful approach, with success rates ranging from 80-95%.

 

Nevertheless, endodontic failure can occur as a result of suboptimal quality endodontic obturation, underfilled, missed, or untreated canals, inadequate coronal sealing, or procedural mishaps that can jeopardize sealing, such as separated instruments.

 

The aim of this lecture is to describe the different causes associated with an endodontic failure and the several approaches than can be performed to preserve the natural dentition in a predictable way such as non-surgical retreatment, apical microsurgery or intentional replantation.